|
Robert Cedric Binkley (1897-1940) was an American historian. As chair of the Joint Committee on Materials for Research of the Social Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies in the 1930s he led several projects in the areas of publication using new near-print technologies, microphotography, copyright and archival management, many under the aegis of the Works Progress Administration. His theoretical writings on amateur scholarship and the ways non-experts could contribute to scholarship have been influential on recent thinking about digital humanities and web publishing. == Life and Work == Binkley was born in Lititz, PA of Mennonite ancestry, but his family moved to California when he was still an infant. He attended Stanford University in 1915, and interrupted his studies in 1917 to serve in the USAAS in World War I. After the Armistice he studied for a term at the University of Lyon, and was then hired in July 1919 by Prof. E.D. Adams to gather ephemera published by delegations to the Paris Peace Conference and by wartime societies in Paris and London for the newly formed Hoover War Collection at Stanford.〔Fisch 1948, pp. 4-5.〕 He served as reference librarian in this library while he wrote his Ph.D. dissertation under Ralph H. Lutz on the response of European public opinion to Woodrow Wilson, using the materials he had helped to acquire in Europe as well as the Hoover's extensive collection of wartime newspapers. Many of these items were printed on inferior paper and had already begun to deteriorate only a few years after their creation. Binkley therefore became interested in the problem of preserving perishable paper.〔Fisch 1948, p.6.〕 After completing his Ph.D. in 1927 Binkley was hired as a lecturer in history at New York University at Washington Square. During his two years there he campaigned for funding for a research program to develop chemical processes to preserve paper, and also to investigate the new possibilities of microphotography.〔Fisch 1948, pp. 12-13; Carpenter 2007, pp. 292-3.〕 He spent the summer of 1929 in Rome, where he presented a paper and some resolutions on the perishable paper problem at the first IFLA congress.〔Fisch 1948, pp. 16-17.〕 On his return he took up a position at Smith College replacing Sidney Bradshaw Fay, who had moved to Harvard.〔Fisch 1948, p.16.〕 A year later he was called to chair the history department at the Women's College at Western Reserve University in Cleveland, filling Henry E. Bourne's place.〔Fisch 1948, pp. 18-19.〕 Binkley was elected vice-president of the American Documentation Institute at its foundation in April, 1937.〔Farkas-Conn 1990, p.71.〕 His priority for the ADI was to push the limits of copyright by developing a test case for a library copying service.〔Farkas-Conn 1990, p.79.〕 This led to conflict with Davis,〔Farkas-Conn 1990, p.82.〕 and Binkley ultimately resigned in January 1939, frustrated that the ADI hadn't taken action towards a test case, but still supportive of the Institute.〔Farkas-Conn 1990, pp. 79-80.〕 Binkley died in Cleveland of esophageal cancer on April 11, 1940, at the age of 42. He married Frances Williams at Stanford in 1924, and left two sons, Robert W. Binkley and the early music scholar Thomas Binkley. Binkley was posthumously awarded the fifth Pioneer Medal of the National Micrographics Association.〔Rubin 1980, p.53.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert C. Binkley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|